Showing posts with label High Holiday Sermons. Show all posts
Showing posts with label High Holiday Sermons. Show all posts

Tuesday, September 26, 2023

Yom Kippur Sermon 2023: The Keys

Rabbi Joshua Hammerman

Yom Kippur 2023

The Keys

Final High Holidays Sermon at TBE

Click Here for Video


 

Shmuel noticed his friend Avrum underneath a streetlight, searching for something on the ground.

“What are you doing, Avrum?”

“I’ve lost my keys. Please help me look for them.”

A while passed with no success.

“Avrum, where exactly did you lose those keys?”

“I lost them in that alley over there.”

Shmuel was dumbfounded. “So why are we looking here!?” 

Avrum looked over at his friend: “Because the light is better here!”

“Teach us to count our days,” says Psalm 90, “that we may attain wisdom.”  We’ve looked at that Psalm in different ways over the past ten days and now, for my final High Holidays sermon as your senior rabbi, let’s look at that amazing verse in the context of the rest of the Psalm and discover the secret to a meaningful and happy life.

There is so much there.  Take Verse 14: 

שַׂבְּעֵ֣נוּ בַבֹּ֣קֶר חַסְדֶּ֑ךָ וּֽנְרַנְּנָ֥ה וְ֝נִשְׂמְחָ֗ה בל־יָמֵֽינוּ׃

Satisfy us at daybreak with Your steadfast love, that we may sing for joy all our days.

Give us just a glimpse at daybreak – a taste, a sunrise, a hot cup of coffee and a fresh crusty roll.  That’s all I need, and I’m good to go. 

Even if I don’t find my keys, I’ll be happy because I poured myself into the task of looking, all the while, knowing that in the end, the keys will probably remain unfound, leaving it to the next generation to try.

But despite the seemingly tragic nature of life – the psalm expresses hope in the final verse:  (90:17)

וִיהִ֤י ׀ נֹ֤עַם אֲדֹנָ֥י אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּ עָ֫לֵ֥ינוּ וּמַעֲשֵׂ֣ה יָ֭דֵינוּ כּוֹנְנָ֥ה עָלֵ֑ינוּ וּֽמַעֲשֵׂ֥ה יָ֝דֵ֗ינוּ כּוֹנְנֵֽהוּ׃

 “May God’s pleasantness be upon us. Let the work of our hands be established for us; the work of our hands, let it be established.”

We may not find the keys.  We probably WON’T find the keys, given where we are looking.  But please God, let our search be meaningful.  If we don’t find the keys – let us discover something that we had no idea we were looking for. 

I love this Psalm.

Rav Kook, the first chief rabbi of Israel, asked: Why is the phrase “the work of our hands” repeated? His reply: It’s not enough that our actions advance positive and significant goals. They should have a sublime sweetness too,  Through our work we should become keenly aware of “No’am Adonai.” “God’s pleasantness upon us.” 

So, in the end, if we don’t complete the task, but the work is meaningful and productive, through it, we will feel blessed.

We should all aim to feel that way at the end of the day.

And we should feel that way, today.

For here is the secret of that Psalm.  Teach us to count our days” means not only that everything we do should be infused with meaning. But we should also pour all of ourselves, every ounce of our soul, into everything we do.  Every sandcastle we build.  Every dream we dream.  From the smallest gesture to the greatest.

And that is my final High Holidays message.  Our life IS our work. 

But doesn’t this fly in the face of the cherished ideal of “work-life balance,” which has become almost an eleventh commandment of our society?  Well, it’s true that we need to have priorities.  Family, health, parents, partner, children, all are priorities.  But the separation of work from the rest of life is an illusion.  Ultimately, it’s all One. And we need to be all-in for all of it.  Not just 9 to 5 or 5 to 9.  Not until age 65 or 70 - or 62 if you are French. But all of it.  From the first breath to the last.

Admittedly, my profession is an extreme example, but shouldn’t the seamless integration of work and life be what we all strive to achieve? Isn’t that what brings happiness, meaning and fulfillment? I happen to be a rabbi – and guess what my pleasure reading is on vacation, when I’m supposedly off the clock?  Jewish history.  My favorite TV series this year, watched when I supposedly wasn’t working? Mrs. Maisel and Fauda, and my favorite films were Golda and Oppenheimer.  I didn’t ask for overtime pay. But for me, there is no separation between work and life. And that’s why it’s a good thing that I love my work.

Here’s something interesting.  The Hebrew word for work is Avoda.  And that’s the same word we use for worship.  Our work, our life and our prayers, they are all one, all part of an integrated, organic, whole.  Hey, I don’t even take Shabbat off.  Even God takes Shabbat off. But on a given Shabbat, God doesn’t have two bar mitzvahs, a naming and an ufruf.  And I’ve been all-in for all those, all the time.  And yet, as with God, Shabbat still replenishes my soul.

I’d like to add another wrinkle to Rav Kook’s commentary. What does the Psalm mean when it speaks of “ma’ase yadaynu,” “The work of our hands,” twice?  It means that the work of my hands is incomplete without the work of your hands.  Our work has been woven together into a magnificent tapestry.  There is no single point where my work ends and yours begins. Where my story ends and yours begins.  Your story is part of mine and vice versa. 

I see that so much more clearly as I reflect back on the lives here that have touched mine, over 37 years.  I’m standing up here on a shore, and I look out and see the waves of people coming in and the going out, like time-lapse photography – and those people who sat in the seats where you are sitting 30 years ago – I see them before me right now. Their presence is eternal.  Their legacies never disappear. 

My mind flips through the rolodex of memory as I leaf through the eulogies – and I’ve saved them all.  People like Arthur White, whose indefatigable optimism moved mountains.  And Meryl Aronin, whose clear shofar call still reverberates in this sanctuary.  There was Janie Kane and her courage through illness, and Norma Mann, who broke every Jewish glass ceiling in town, and the warm smiles of Marsha Gladstein, who welcome-wagoned me to Stamford. And Ed Golove, who lay dying down the hall in the hospital from where his great grandchild was being born and has been their guardian angel ever since; and Sam Kravitz, literally the nicest guy ever; and Marjorie Laff, who taught me how to explain death to children, and Jeff Shendell, who somehow thought Dartmouth was the best Ivy. 

To Myna Schwartz – unsinkable and heroic, who adorned every Seder table with sparkling beauty, and Karen Jossem, who when she was told she might have one year to live, refused to travel or otherwise address the bucket list, instead telling her son Doug, “Why would I want to go anywhere else when I can spend that time right here with you?”  She still has not moved. A tree planted in her memory stands proudly right out there. How many people remaining in this community know that that tree must never come down?

And Bruce Feinberg, who willed his body up to this pulpit for one final aliyah.  And Lori Frank, who, when she belonged to an Orthodox havurah before coming here, was asked how she could reconcile Orthodox Judaism with her feminism, and she said, “Ask God.  She’ll understand.”   And Ben Evans, who witnessed Kristallnacht as a child and chose this room to tell his grandchildren about it.

And Shirley Fish – our assistant principal, both strong willed and profoundly humble – and Larry Bloch, her partner in education. And Barb Moskow, who turned our Hebrew School into Jerusalem.

And Adam Weissman – wheelchair bound, who taught us that the sky’s the limit, a lesson that we also learned from others who faced physical challenges, like David Jaffe, and Pamela Weisz.  And then there was Bruce Martin, who walked the streets so proudly that one might have thought he was the real Mayor Martin of this town.  So many heroes who refused to be defined by disability or to be weighed down by mortality itself.

Like Dana Kraus, who defied gravity with her dancing. Or Penny Horowitz, who welcomed guests so often to her home and our gift shop and now welcomes us next door at the cemetery.

And Bobby Silberman, who gave cancer the fight of his life and inspired us all – on the day of his passing, there were nearly 500 messages on his Caring Bridge site praising his heart of gold and most beautiful soul. One wrote, “I am inspired by his courage, humbled by his candor, and honored to have been his friend.” His parents said kaddish for him on the same date of every month after his passing in 2007– and now and now Bobby will welcome his father Alan, who died this week, alongside him in the cemetery.

There’s Herb Horowitz who could sit around the men’s club breakfast table, along with Frank Rosner, Dave Gruber, Ed Kaplin, Sol Siskind and Josh Lang and chomp down bagels on a Sunday morning.  

And Mildred Miller an elegant and sweet lady, who never missed a yahrzeit – our library is still named for her husband Maximillian. And Phyllis Lapin, whose creativity sparked my own. Edith Sherman built a city, and Mel Allen defined a dynasty and taught me that we are all on the same team.

Heroes all.  Lois Fink, Martin Benjamin.  Gloria Baum.  Al Golin, who blew the shofar until he had no breath left to give.  And Jack Malin, whose deep love for tradition is reflected in each of the restored Torahs in this ark.  

And Fred Weisman – who was a tikkun olam machine. Alan Kalter, whose deep soul and even deeper love for Judaism belied his funnyman image.  And Don Adelman – an extraordinary Jewish educator, congregant, advisor, and friend. 

These are our Torahs.  Many of you won’t recognize even one of these names.  But they are our living scrolls.  Their stories are OUR stories.  They are your stories too. Each of these lives has lent a sense of exaltation to the human condition and the Jewish narrative – each of their stories has merged with the life of this community; and each of their stories has merged with mine – and each, like a wave, has receded from the shore – from where you are now sitting – where they once sat – into the Oneness of the universe.

I don’t know about corporations, medical practices, law firms or universities, but I can tell you that at a house of worship, institutional memory is precious.  It is priceless. Sometimes I think we undervalue it in our awkward attempts to lurch forward. 

And when it came time to say goodbye to these precious souls, most of whom were sent off on their journey to eternity from this very sanctuary - paying tribute to them was my work; the dirt under my fingernails was my work - but it was also my worship. And my life. 

I apologize for the hundreds of names I’ve left out.  All of them meant so much to me.  I walk to the cemetery next door and realize that I’ve buried what feels like half of them. All were friends - even if we didn’t always agree.  I found myself compelled to ask forgiveness of many of them on their death beds.  And they were probably thinking, “Now he does this?”

Each of them contributed one brick to a foundation that is so strong and vibrant, and changing.  They may be dead, but they are proof that American Jewry is alive and well.  None of them found the keys that Shmuel and Avram were rummaging for in the darkness – but all of these lives were bathed in divine light.

We are the sum of our stories.  And each of our stories is like an interactive novel, spinning off numerous sequels. And each of us touches the lives of others in ways we can barely imagine and often never know. And each story becomes timeless, transcendent.

And now I turn to the living.  All of you have been an integral part of my life.  Not mere congregants.  Not clients. And certainly not customers. There is something about the relationship between clergy and congregation that cannot be compared to any other personal or professional relationship. Especially when the relationship is multi-generational.

Rabbi Albert Lewis delivered his final sermon posthumously, via a letter read to his congregation on the Yom Kippur following his passing, as described in a book by Mitch Albom.  He started the letter by explaining that for all his years, people have been asking him whether there is an afterlife.  And he wrote, “Now that I know, I can’t tell you.”

He did not offer a list of his accomplishments.  Rather he asked forgiveness for not saving more marriages, not visiting more homebound, not easing the pain of parents who had just lost a child – for not having done more – with every breathing minute allotted to him.  I echo those sentiments today.  I know I could have done better.

Lewis also told one of my all-time favorite Yom Kippur jokes.  He gave a sermon where the subject was death, and informed the congregation that everyone is going to die.  After the service, a man comes up to him all excited.  The rabbi asks, “Why are you so excited?  I just told the entire congregation that they are going to die.”  “Yes,” said the man, “and THAT’S why I’m so excited.  I belong to another congregation!”

I’ve discovered that life can be a thrilling ride if we greet each day with fresh eyes. In Deuteronomy (26:16) it says, “The Lord your God commands you this day to observe these laws and rules, and to observe them faithfully…” Rashi asks why it says, “this day?” Why not every day? The commentator’s response: “Every day, every time one fulfills a mitzvah, it should feel as if it is the first.”

That’s how I’ve counted my days. Every day, like the first. And that’s how I’ve approached my work-life. 

There have been well over a thousand bar and bat mitzvahs here during my tenure. I’ve wanted each one to feel like the first.  I missed only one.  And even that has an asterisk. It was for March of the Living, where I spent two weeks escorting dozens of our teens, and the Bat Mitzvah student had many months’ warning.  She could have changed the date. But it was tied into a promised trip to Disney World the following week and hey, I would have done the same. 

With TBE Students at Auschwitz on March of the Living

I missed oodles of my own family’s simchas. I missed my kids’ school plays and choral performances.  I wouldn’t miss a Bar/Bat Mitzvah. 

How could I?  It’s the only one for that child, it should feel like the only one for me. Every funeral is the only one for that person, it should feel like the only one for me.  Every naming is the only time that baby will be named, and it should feel like the only one for me.  And every wedding….Well, it’s not always the only one.

But by the way, I love to do weddings.  Here's my card.  Just take it – you never know.  

First wedding at TBE

But the point is that every day you should go into work as if it is the first day.  That has always been my approach.  I would not miss a Bar or Bat Mitzvah.


So let me share a few stories. Among the thousands I could tell, here are three.

Over the years there have been inflection points, where I’ve been given opportunities to take on new opportunities.  But there were very few times when I really came close to leaving.  One occurred about 20 years ago, when I interviewed at a prestigious congregation and was asked back for a Shabbat, but we couldn’t find a date because of our packed B’nai Mitzvah schedule. That congregation, in Atlanta – the largest Conservative shul in the south (not that size is important) - got around the problem by deciding to turn Shabbat into Tuesday. So, I flew down, they filled the place, and I gave a Shabbat sermon on Tuesday.  It went very well.

So then, you might be asking, why am I still standing here? Well, there was one more step that we needed to take.

I needed the stamp of approval from the Boss. 

Mara’s opinion has always mattered to more than my own. She has never steered me wrong.  She’s never steered you wrong, either. As most of you know, for the past 37 years, she has been the heartbeat of this congregation.  God willing you will hire a great rabbi.  You will never find another Mara. 

So, we bought the plane tickets and were ready to go.  Everything was all set. But as they say, man plans and God laughs.  Or, in this case, cries.

The night before our scheduled departure, our dear friend and congregant Pamela Cohn Allen succumbed to her long, heroic battle with ovarian cancer.  Pamela’s impact on our Beth El story is beyond what any of us can measure. Irony of ironies, Scott, her husband, grew up in this same Atlanta shul, and he and Pam were advising me through this process.  As I sat at her bedside while she was in her final weeks, in between our prayers and lots of silence, she asked only one thing of me – that I join Scott on the plane that would take her body home to Jerusalem.  I’m very careful in making promises, because in my work, you never know what the next day will bring.  But knowing how much it would mean to her, I promised her that when her time came, I would be on that plane.  I would not leave her.  And she smiled. That comforted her.

And so, when the day arrived, my Delta flight to Atlanta was missing two Hammermans, and I was with Scott on El Al, escorting Pamela to her final resting place in Jerusalem.

I stayed in Israel for just a few hours.  I had to get back here - for a Bar Mitzvah.  The people in Atlanta could not believe what I did – I don’t know if they thought I was crazy or snubbing them.  We had trouble finding a date to reschedule and the process sort of lost momentum.  But I definitely thought Pamela, or someone, was trying to tell me something - that my work here was not yet finished.

I made a promise, and that promise was ma’asay yadenu.  The work of our hands. When I flew with Pamela’s body, that was the work of God’s hands.  I did not fly there because it’s my job.  I flew with Pamela because it was my avoda.  And that decision became our collective destiny.

Second story.  Fast forward to October 25, 2018. A call came in from the Jewish Home and I received the devastating news of my mother’s passing.  She had not been well - she was 95 and stricken with Parkinson’s.  Still, it came as an incredible shock when I got the call.

She died on a Thursday and the funeral was to be on Sunday in Boston.  That Shabbat we had a Bar Mitzvah scheduled here.  Couldn’t miss it.  Do you notice a theme? I was not officially in mourning yet and I could not let that family and that student down on the biggest day of his life.  So, with a heavy heart, but hiding the pain as best I could, I led that service.  My heart got much heavier when I learned that while we were praying, the worst antisemitic attack in American Jewish history took place in Pittsburgh.

Many of you know how you feel when a parent dies – adrift, aimless, not knowing what to do, waiting for the rabbi to lead you, to stand you up, to help you shovel the dirt?  It had been 40 years since I lost my father, so I was quite adrift.  I was now an orphan.  But I had a rabbi.  A good one.  My rabbi was me.  So, with the help of an old friend, a funeral director in Boston, and down here from Melissa Fahey, an angel from heaven, my mom was brought home to Brookline.

And then I came back here for the shiva.

Shiva can be incredibly life-affirming, and I experienced that.  I sat publicly in this building for ten hours each day, because I believe in the importance of that ritual and in its healing power.  Stretching forty hours over four weekdays enabled me to have real, one-on-one conversations with about 400 people. 

As much as this was my personal loss, we all were feeling adrift that week.  American Jews were angry and terrified.  A synagogue, our Jewish safe space, had been violated.  Defiantly, hundreds of people came here that Friday night, including non-Jewish neighbors, and I walked in after Lecha Dodi, which is the tradition for mourners, and I led the rest of the service from that point on. (Hear that sermon below)

.   

Our collective Jewish people’s shiva and my personal shiva fused together as one.  As much as people came to comfort me, they also looked to me for comfort.  As much as they helped to restore the natural order of things for me, we all sat together, low to the ground, and mourned the untimely loss of good, innocent people, vulnerable people, people at prayer, people who had only love in their hearts – and we mourned for their innocence and the loss of ours.  One on one on one on one, the healing took place, down in the trenches of the mourning bench. 

And on Thursday, our Hebrew School students came to me and had a real-time lesson in how to comfort a mourner. I don’t think I’ve ever been prouder of our Hebrew School students. Each of them came up to me individually, held my hand or hugged me and said, “I’m sorry for your loss.”

In any normal job, the boss would have said, “Go home, leave everything on your desk, take as long as you need and come back when you are ready.”

Do you understand why I couldn’t do that?  How I would never be able to live with myself if I had retreated to my own private mourner’s bench, that week of all weeks?  Perhaps our lives are too enmeshed, but you needed me, as you needed me after 9/11, when we packed this place on Rosh Hashanah with survivors, with witnesses, still coughing from the ash.  (Hear that sermon below)

We did a Yiddish concert here the Sunday after Newtown, when Hesh Romanowitz reminded me that Jews never stop singing. We gathered the whole community here the evening after Rabin’s murder. So, I knew that I could not take my mother’s shiva week off.

There are times over the years when I’ve been away where I’ve missed a funeral, where it’s absolutely crushed me. I was on a cruise in Alaska when Marcia Kahan died; and in Australia when Deb Goldberg lost her long courageous battle.  And so, in the wake of the Pittsburgh massacre, how could I abandon you when we all felt so afraid, so vulnerable?  But was it right for me to turn my shiva into our shiva? It just never occurred to me – or anyone here – that it could be handled any other way.  Our stories are too enmeshed.

I have zero regrets, but I also suspect this:

On next July 1, when our clock has hit zero, I will wake up in my new home in Madison, take a deep breath, walk down to the beach, sit in the sand, look around at the water lapping the shore, feel the breeze on my face – and like a huge tsunami wave, it will finally hit me that my mother has died.

Back in 2008, journalist Stephen Fried wrote a much-discussed book about a rabbinic search process at a large synagogue in Philadelphia.  It was called The New Rabbi.

A telling scene in the book has the author eavesdropping on an older couple conversing about their rabbis in the row behind him at a Shabbat service.

“I don’t like (Rabbi X).” “He’s too…well, something…”

“I like (Rabbi Y),” “He’s nice, friendly.”

“I don’t like him either. He’s too friendly. I don’t want a rabbi who’s friendly.”

That brief snippet points out the complexities of this quest. Rabbis are expected to be 29 years old with 30 years of experience, serious yet funny, principled yet conciliatory, sophisticated yet homespun, friendly yet firm, and all of that 24/7. 

You know, Mattel should come out with a line called "Stereotypical Rabbi." Hebrew speaking.  Says just "ken." (There actually is a "Tefillin Barbie")

It is not without reason that Fried’s research led him to the conclusion that the rabbinate (and not the American presidency) is the toughest job in the world.

I mean, it’s hard.  Lots of jobs require you to grit your teeth and deal with people you don’t like.  Politicians have to do it all the time.  But tell me of another job where an elementary school student gets on the school bus and starts lobbying his classmates that it’s time to “get rid of the rabbi.” Two classmates go home crying, and their parents call me, in total shock.  And just a short time later, I am standing at the bedside of that same student at Yale New Haven, cheering him up and praying with him for his recovery.

And no, there was no cause and effect between the two incidents.  At the Seminary, I failed my class in the Dark Arts with Professor Snape.  And there was no question that I would be there. Not a shred of doubt.  And that incident on the bus, as much as it pained me, would never be discussed again – until right now.  Who would want this job?  Toughest job in the world.

To paraphrase the old country song, Mama don’t let your babies grow up to be rabbis!

I would never recommend it to anyone.  But I wouldn’t trade these 40 years in the biz for anything.  It has made me a much better person than I ever would have been. I’ve had to do things I never would have done, like setting aside superficial differences to focus on what’s really important. I can’t tell you how much it meant to me recently when a congregant with whom I have had major political differences turned and said to me, “But we always knew you would be there for us.” There have been times when I wondered whether I might have lived my best life being a little less of a mensch. But then there are times like, well, last week, when I made good on a promise I’d made to John Graubard before his death, to share one of his jokes in a High Holidays sermon.  I know it meant so much to his family.  They told me.  How many professions give you that chance to make someone on his death bed happy? That’s one of the gifts of being a rabbi. Even the simplest gesture can mean so much to people.  It’s both a gift and an unbelievably weighty responsibility.

I recall speaking to the Rabbi Joe Ehrenkranz of Agudath Sholom when he was about to retire, and I congratulated him.  He looked at me, and said, simply, “I failed.”

I was taken aback – here’s a guy who led groups to see the pope, who sat on the White House lawn when the Oslo Accords were signed; who served his congregation for 40 years.  I’ve never done any of those things.  If there ever was a rabbinical dictionary and you looked up success, you would see his face.

But now I understand what he was getting at.

Rabbi David Wolpe said in Fried’s book, “Vulnerable people in the rabbinate have a tough time. The more human you are, the more exposed, the less chance you have of making it as a rabbi.”

Wolpe’s comment implies that, try as you might, you can’t be genuine, true to yourself, honest, open and transparent – vulnerable – and succeed.  And forget about being an introvert.  You’ve got to be able to put on a show – and never let ‘em know who you really are. Never let ‘em see you sweat.


And that’s not me.
  Never has been.

I’ve never gotten caught up in the game of needing to live up to others’ expectations.  But it’s my own expectations that are the crux of the matter. I wake up literally every morning wondering whom I’ve already let down that day. Knowing that somewhere, with someone, I could be doing better.

That Bar Mitzvah that I did on the day after my mother died – that family has never stopped thanking me. They just did again a few weeks ago.  But who did I neglect that same day?  Who was waiting for my call as I prepared to bury my mother?  Maybe someone else was losing their mother. 

The priceless gifts and the weighty responsibilities.  Leaving the house at 3:30 AM recently to do a funeral a thousand miles away – how could I not?  The wedding on St Martin that I had to turn around and come right home the next day because of a tragedy in my family. But I had to go.  The funerals during Covid where it was just me and the grave digger, and I was the family’s only link; of course I had to be there, even if it meant my taking on risks that most weren’t allowed to take.  The couple grieving for a stillborn child - who is still with them in the room - not knowing how to pick up the shattered pieces of their lives.   The many people with whom I said a final Sh’ma while watching their life breath ebb away.  The teen whose parents were murdered – and there was nothing I could do but just be there.  I prayed before I knocked on the door.  The gay young adult looking for reassurance that God still loves them. The 20-something heroically climbing out of addiction and telling her story to high school students – in Newtown, of all places, not long after the killings. 

And then, there were the countless TBE students whom we met up with in Jerusalem, Tel Aviv and Michmoret - and another for Shabbat dinner in Budapest, who just happened to be in their neighborhood – she was in Vienna, or Slovakia, I believe, and grabbed a train to be with us for Shabbat; just because they are all our kids.  All these families were so grateful that we could bring their kids a taste of home, and a free meal – so incredibly grateful that we were there.  




But none of them has any idea about the hundreds of other families.  And I have no idea about the God-knows probably thousands of others who hoped for me to be there for them at a given time, who heard what I did for that person but I didn’t do it for their person and they sent thought waves my way, but I didn’t hear them. 

What is that mind reading spell called in Harry Potter? Legilimens?  I also skipped Rabbi Snape's Occlumency 101 mind reading class in rabbinical school.

(***Someone is actually going to take me seriously about Severus Snape teaching at the Jewish Theological Seminary.  Please be assured that he is a fictional character, and the Dark Arts and other genres of Wizardry have never been taught there! They barely even taught Kabbala when I was there. Snape is not Jewish, though some see antisemitic tropes in how Snape is portrayed, and there is an ancient Synagogue of Severus located in Tiberias. The point is that my mind reading skills are quite limited. But you knew that. I know you knew that)

I now understand what Rabbi Ehrehkranz meant. You’ve got to set the bar high to be a successful rabbi, all along knowing that not only will your never come close to reaching your goal, but unless you have developed a super thick skin and a heart of stone and not an ounce of conscience, this job is custom-designed to shorten your life.  It is designed to break your heart.

For a rabbi, love means always having to say you’re sorry – and even that is not enough. And it’s no one’s fault. It’s just how it is.

I used to explain it as being like a juggler with a thousand balls in the air. But the juggler has it easy, because they’re just balls.  It’s more like what God deals with.  No, I’m not saying I’m like God, but there is a scene in the Jim Carrey movie Bruce Almighty, where Carrey takes God’s job for a day and he is buried under a blizzard of prayers written on post-its, like all those notes at the Western Wall.  I can imagine God today, on Yom Kippur, feeling overwhelmed by an avalanche of prayers. And then, when someone actually reads what’s on those post-its, their heart breaks, again and again.  


A juggler is not
reading those balls in the air, but when hundreds of you come up to this ark during Neilah, I know what you’ve all been through, your joys and your sorrows, and there are many joys, and I can hear the whispers of what you might well be praying for.  The sheer weight of all those prayers is overwhelming, a burden that after 37 years, not even Atlas could lift.

And you know what gave me a sliver of grace this year. When I came to realize that none of you can possibly understand what I am babbling about.  And that’s OK. I can’t expect you to understand what this life is like.  I can’t expect even most other clergy to understand it, including many rabbis, who are still caught in the hamster wheel that I am now, thank God, exiting.  God bless them all. I feel for them.  My wife, my kids and my dogs – only they understand it.  

And I’m OK with that. It took me a long time, but I’m finally OK with that.  I hope you can forgive me for my not always being there – and I will continue to work on forgiveness from this end as well. 

A wee bit of unsolicited advice, though, for the benefit of the next rabbi.  When someone around the table suggests doing a customer service survey on pastoral care – look back at this sermon and just say no.  Your next rabbi will thank you and might even stick around for a while.

So, if you’ll indulge me, one more story, for the road.  I hear Jackson Browne in my head right now, as the roadies start breaking down the amps. So, stay a little bit longer and let me end…at - at the beginning.  My first Shabbat here.  My tryout.  Every saga has an origin story.  So, in this Marvel Universe, how did I get here?

It all started at a 5,000-watt radio station in Fresno, California. Oh, wait, sorry.  That’s Ted Baxter. It all started with a Big Bang? No. It all started with a mouse…. Oh wait, that’s Disney.

No.  Not a mouse, but a mall.  You see, it’s the mid ‘80s, and we liked going to the Stamford Town Center. We always drove through when we would go from our former home in Peekskill, NY to visit Mara’s brother, who was a graduate student at Yale at the time.

So, it started with a mall.  If you’re glad I came, you can thank (now defunct) Brooks Brothers and Mara's brother.  And when Temple Beth El showed up on the rabbinic placement list at a time when we were looking to move back to New England, which this is (barely) we were heading back up Long Ridge one Sunday and saw the sign for the synagogue on the corner of Roxbury Rd. We drove up Roxbury Rd, and I swear - the building looked like Mount Sinai as we were approaching it, rounding the bend from below.  And I heard a voice. And it said, “Make a U turn where possible.”

No, Siri wasn’t around yet. I didn’t feel called or anything – but something felt right.  We took a spin around the lot and liked what we saw.  We made that U turn and headed back down Roxbury Road, past the schools my as-yet-unimagined kids would one day attend.

I sent in my resume and was interviewed by a few machers at the Bauer’s house on Heatherwood. Rabbi Goldman was there, and as I recall, so were Alan Kalter, Jerry Poch, Ron Gross and Arthur White.  The Manns and Rodwins weren’t, but they came as scouts to watch me in action at my synagogue a week later, throwing my old congregation into an abject panic, because, if you knew Norma and Milt, Roger and Judy, they had trouble slinking into the background.  At the Oneg, Norma started serving coffee.  A few weeks later, I was invited for a Shabbat service on Feb. 20, 1987, one week after I turned 30. Having no B’nai Mitzvah scheduled at my current place, I came.

Despite frigid weather and a holiday weekend, and almost no publicity, about 100 people showed up for the service.  I was awestruck!  What a place! A sanctuary to die for – Afterwards, I was very impressed with the Oneg. Great cake. No paper plates. The real china came out.  The people were friendly and seemed happy to see me. In fact, some started kissing me on the cheek, which for me was a little weird.  Sandy Siegartel told me, “We’re a kissing congregation.” It sounded pretty good to me.

It was so wonderful, coming to Stamford, living among such prestigious neighbors as Superman, Young Frankenstein, and Roseanne Roseannadanna. Over the years, I could proudly tell my colleagues that I hailed from the home of Purdue Pharma, professional wrestling and Jerry Springer – of blessed memory.

On that cold night of my tryout, the portion was Yitro - just a few days after Tu B’Shevat.  I tied together the great themes of the holiday and the portion and talked about the Torah as a tree of life. “At Mount Sinai,” I said, “God looked upon a nation of slaves and saw in them a kingdom of priests. God looked upon these nothings, these refugees from Egypt, a group of half a million underachievers and perpetual complainers who hadn't even wanted freedom. “Asafsuf,” “Riff Raff,” the Torah calls them. And yet God also called them a holy nation, Am Kadosh., a nation apart, a treasured people – Am Segula,

Before giving them the great gift of Torah at Sinai, before planting that seed of greatness, before a single commandment had been uttered, God saw within them the potential for greatness.”

I then said, “It is the mark of a great artist – a visionary – to be able to look at a seedling and see a tree, to be able to look beyond what is actually there and see what could be there, what will be there, what must be there.

Who among us could have seen greatness within the hearts of those Israelite slaves? And who among us can look out the windows of our houses in the middle of the winter and actually see spring? Can we imagine the blades of grass beneath the snow? Can we hear the birds over the din of the plows? Can we visualize an explosion of green upon the bare branches of the trees? It's not easy. But it's exactly what we have to do.

We must plant those seeds, even though it is still cold and icy.

We must see the forest, even though there is no forest yet to be seen.

We must be future oriented, even though so many forces conspire to tie us down to the past.”

That is what I said to you the very first time you heard me speak.

Text with handwritten notes of my first sermon at TBE. Click to see pdf

When I looked out at you, I did not see riffraff from Egypt.  You were dressed quite well, actually.  I realized I needed to get back to Brooks Brothers, and fast.  But I did see seedlings.  Part of me saw not who you were, but what you could become – and what we could become together.  What could become of the work of our hands.

In my mind, I imagined daffodils, ready to burst forth from the cold, hard earth.

There are seven questions that the Talmud tells us we will be asked when we reach the heavenly gates (Shabbat 31a):

Did you conduct (your business) affairs honestly? Did you set aside a special/regular time in your schedule for Torah study? Did you do all you could to have children? Did you yearn for world redemption? Did you deal deeply in matters of wisdom? Did you learn critically? 

It’s fascinating that none of the questions has to do with ritual observance.  Nothing about Shabbat or Kashrut.  But ethics.  Were you honest?  Did you apply your learning into world repair?  Did you foster hope for the future?  Did you try to make a difference?

These are the questions the Talmud asks. 

I want to add two more.

Rabbi Arnold Goodman, a real mensch and former R.A. president (and the departing rabbi in Atlanta when I was there), who passed away this year, recounted a story of sitting and having lunch at a rabbinical conference. After the lunch, he looked visibly shaken as he told a student what had just happened. He said, “we were going around the table and each of us was sharing the greatest accomplishment of our rabbinate. One of our friends was quiet. We asked so, nu what’s your greatest accomplishment?”  He answered, “I raised nice kids.”

That’s the first question a rabbi has to ask – whether referring to biological children or all the other ones, including all the kids whose B’nai Mitzvah I refused to miss.  Did I raise nice kids? 

I think I did.  I couldn’t be prouder of mine – and I’m pretty darn proud of yours.  They’re all my kids, by the way.  That has no expiration date.  Every Jewish child deserves to have their own childhood rabbi, who will love them unconditionally and always be there for them – and that relationship lasts for life.

And one more question:

Did I board that plane with Pamela?

Did I keep my promise, the promise that I made to her when she was so afraid, as she stared deeply into my eyes?

That in the end is what matters.  Having integrity. Being worthy of trust.  That’s the whole ball game.  It’s horrible to have to say this, but in our world of rampant abuse by people of the cloth, it’s no small accomplishment to know that you have been able to trust your clergy with your children for all these years.  I’ve been responsible with your kids - and my Mitzvah Fund has been audited every year.  What else can a congregant ask for?

And it’s no small thing that couples could entrust me to help them through hard times, to the point where even when they got divorced, this remained a safe space for both of them.  To be worthy of trust is a huge deal.  I’m immensely proud of that.

And so, I boarded that plane El Al plane in Newark, and because I did, the entire universe was upended.  All the things that would have happened had I moved away twenty years ago, did not happen.  And all the good things that we’ve experienced here for the past twenty years, they did. All that, and because I didn’t go to Atlanta, I got to be on the right side of 28-3.

Because Pamela asked me for that promise, and because I said yes, your life changed.

We all live such elaborate, interwoven lives.

Teach us, O Lord, to balance our days, our work and our life, that we may obtain a heart of wisdom – that our work and our life become one with who we are, who we really are.  And that we pour every ounce of our God-given breath into everything we do, with all our heart and all our soul and all our might.

And now, 37 years after I spoke to this congregation for the first time and saw seedlings, I now look out and see 37 fully grown gardens.  One stacked on top of the other. And each pew is stacked 37 times, like planes over La Guardia.  Circling.  Circling.  I see them all, the dead, the living, the not yet dreamed of.  It feels like that last scene from Les Misérables, which opened on Broadway one month after my opening night here.

And, as I see you, marking this moment, I’m taking a mental snapshot right…now… and will carry it with me for the rest of my days, wherever I find myself, next Yom Kippur, and the one after that, and God willing, beyond.

And as I look out, I see a reflection of what I could only imagine 37 years ago, shimmering through our windows and sparkling in your eyes – and as I look very closely, squinting in the dimming light, running my fingernails into the dirt, I think I may have spotted what I’ve been searching for all along.

The keys.

For the privilege of serving you, thank you.


Kol Nidre Sermon, 5784

Counting to One

Kol Nidre, 2023

Rabbi Joshua Hammerman





Front Page of Yediot Achronot Newspaper: "Democracy!"


Five Jews were playing poker one night when Meyerowitz loses $500 on a single hand, stands up, clutches his chest and drops dead on the floor. 

Bash looks around and asks "Now, who is going to tell the wife?" 

They draw straws. Nordheim, who is always a loser, picks the short one. They tell him to be discreet, be gentle, don't make a bad situation any worse than it is. 

"Gentlemen! Discreet? I'm the most discreet mensch you will ever meet. Discretion is my middle name, leave it to me. 

Nordheim schleps over to the Meyerowitz apartment, knocks on the door, the wife answers, asks what he wants. 

Nordheim declares "Your husband just lost $500 and is afraid to come home." 

She hollers, "TELL HIM HE SHOULD DROP DEAD!" 

Nordheim says, "I'll tell him."

Sometimes there are ways to soft pedal bad news.  It’s not so easy today. 

Today we are marking, on the Jewish calendar, the 50th anniversary of the Yom Kippur War.  In Israel, this is a time of profound reflection and concern.  In fact, there are some parallels between that week in 1973 and how Jews feel right now.  Back then, as the war began, reports from the front were patchy, but word was getting around.  Israel was in real peril. The Egyptians had broken through in the Sinai and the Syrians in the Golan.  The Syrians had a clear path to cut the Galilee in two, which would have effectively been the end of Israel. It was only through the extraordinary courage of Israeli tank crews and some dumb luck that the state survived. Just long enough for the IDF to turn the tide and the Nixon administration to come through with much needed assistance. 

Fifty years ago, Israel survived a truly existential threat.  An external threat.

There’s another anniversary that we are commemorating this month. Thirty years ago, the first Oslo accord was signed on the White House lawn.  At the time, many thought it would be a turning point in history.  It was, but not in a good way.  It led to another existential moment that nearly tore Israel apart from within - the assassination of Prime Minister Rabin two years later, followed by the second intifada.  So, these are sobering anniversaries.

Especially because Israel faces an existential threat today as well.  Several, really.  But none more than the judicial reforms that are being promoted by the most extremist government in Israel’s history.  There is legitimate concern that Israel’s future hangs in the balance.  In the opinion of two thirds of the population, there is a real chance that this will end up in a civil war. In a survey this summer, fifty-eight percent of Israelis believe that 'Israel is on the verge of economic, social, and political collapse' because of the judicial overhaul.

And that’s where the parallels between now and 1973 diverge.  Back then, the Jewish world rallied behind a slogan that would seem ludicrous now:

“We are One.”

Teach us to count our days, says Psalm 90, that we may attain wisdom.  But right now, the Jewish people can’t even count to one.  Who knows one?  We certainly don’t.  We don’t know it as Jews, and we don’t know it Americans either.  The concept of “unity” has gone the way the dinosaur.

For the first time in all my years in the rabbinate, I see the real possibility of an irreparable rupture.

I don’t think most American Jews have any idea of what our Israeli cousins have been going through this year and how there is a real fear that they are teetering on the precipice of a non-democratic theocracy.

It truly is remarkable what this grass roots movement has accomplished, led by distinctly apolitical figures like Shikma Bressler, a physicist and mother of five, who has emerged as a symbol of defiance of the government’s judicial overhaul. She is decidedly not a politician. And she’s decidedly not left wing.

And neither are the protests, which have adopted as their rallying symbol, of all things, the Israeli flag. At these protests participants span the full diversity of the Israeli people – Jewish and Palestinian, religious and secular, gay and straight, Ashkenazi and Mizrachi.  And everything in between.  They all understand what this is about. An independent court is all that stands between a moral society aspiring to protect human rights, however imperfectly, and an extremist agenda supporting the visions of Meir Kahane, Baruch Goldstein and Yigal Amir, the three most notorious Jews in the history of the state, all of whom were celebrated with signs at a pro government rally this month. 

When Betzalel Smotrich and Itamar Ben Gvir were invited into positions of power, it was the equivalent of bringing the KKK into the US cabinet.  And then the decision was made to remove the one remaining obstacle preventing them from doing whatever they want.  There is no real check on the government other than the judiciary.

In April, Justice Minister Yariv Levin admitted that elements of his plan would “end democracy” because it would essentially give the coalition unfettered power. Levin’s admission, with the country already seething, confirmed the suspicions of many that this had never been about fine-tuning the judiciary. It was a project much more nefarious. So that’s why these unprecedented protests are happening.  Let me explain why they matter to us.

In the words of Yuval Noah Harari, the mega best-selling author of “Sapiens,” “Imagine a world in which “Judaism” becomes a synonym for religious fanaticism, racism and brutal oppression. Could Judaism survive such a spiritual destruction?” 

That is the world that would inevitably result from the dismantling of judicial checks and balances.

Another columnist, B Michael, known as Israel’s most sardonic commentator, puts it in even more startling terms.  Diaspora Jews, he writes, should not consider Aliyah.

My dear Diaspora brothers, the torch is being passed to you. From now on, you are the keepers of the flame. You are in charge of proving the existence of a sane version of the Jewish people. You are responsible for maintaining a rendering of Judaism that is not shameful.

Are you shocked yet? For the most part, unless you immerse yourself in Israeli media like I do, or read Thomas Friedman religiously, you can’t grasp how dire this moment is.

If you aren’t paying attention, you don’t realize that this is not a panic-stricken hyperventilation by Israel’s left.  You just need to follow what this government is saying in Hebrew, where it talks less about Jewish security and more and more about Jewish supremacy. It cozies up to illiberal extremists in Romania, Hungary, Turkey, Poland and of course here.  Even with Iran presenting a grave danger, setting up attack bases within several miles of Israel’s northern border, the government forges ahead with a plan to curb the courts and subvert the media, all with their eyes on a bigger prize of annexation, theocracy and driving the Arabs out.

But there is hope.  And that hope resides in the spirit of the people, who have taken to the streets every week for this whole year.  Thomas Friedman, who has witnessed all the great democracy protests of the past half century, from Beirut to Berlin, from Moscow to Cairo, from Hong Kong to Kyiv in 2014, wrote in Ha’aretz:

But I have never seen something like the Israeli democracy protectors’ movement. More than a half a year of tens of thousands of people – center-left and center-right – coming from a broad swath of the population, turning out every Saturday night to resist a judicial coup, and managing to appropriate the national flag and the national anthem as their symbols.

He prodded American Jews to do something we really don’t like to do, and that is choose sides.

Yuval Noah Harari speaks of two kinds of Judaism, symbolized by the two most noteworthy Jews alive today, whose paths crossed at the UN this week.  There’s Netanyahu Judaism,  and there’s Zelensky Judaism:  Zelensky, who lives in a place where Jews have often faced grave danger, is never ashamed to call himself a Jew.  But he's also proud of his Ukrainian nationality.  Fearless, human, relatable, he looks at the world in a very Jewish way, pursuing justice and fighting corruption and hate.

Harari points to Huwara, the West Bank village attacked this year following a terror incident where two Jews were killed at a gas station - and it should be noted that there have been an increasing number of terror attacks perpetrated against Jews, many instigated by Iran.  But the reprisal was shockingFollowing the attack, Israel's new far-right Finance Minister, Bezalel Smotrich -- now with new authority over the West Bank -- stated "I think the village of Huwara needs to be wiped out. I think the State of Israel should do it."  That is the quoteScores of Israelis took revenge on the entire town in a night-long rampage, setting dozens of cars and homes on fire, and the police and army were nowhere to be found.

A video went viral, where a crowd of Jews stood in ecstatic prayer while staring at a building in flames.  

Click on photo to watch video

It has been compared to a pogrom, and not without reason. And that Kaddish that they were reciting on the video - not the mourner's Kaddish, I should add - is the very definition of a Hillul Hashem, the profanation of God's name.

“It is a historical irony,” Harari wrote, “that just when in Huwara, Jews are behaving like Cossacks, in Ukraine the descendants of Cossacks have chosen the Jewish Zelensky to lead them at their moment of ultimate crisis.  Zelensky’s Ukraine proves to the world that patriotism, democracy, Judaism and commitment to universal values get along fine together.”

Harari believes that Zelensky’s Judaism is closer to our Judaism than Netanyahu’s.  I’m inclined to agree.

For one thing, only one of these two leaders is on trial right now for bribery, fraud and breach of trust and it ‘aint Zelensky, who is trying to root out corruption, even in the midst of a life-or-death.

But many in Bibi’s own party are now seeing the light and were elections held today, this radical right coalition would be booted out.

Israel belongs to all the Jewish people.  It is ours to shape and critique and protect.  For the first time, Israelis who typically have asked diaspora Jews to butt out of its internal affairs are begging us to come to be active participants.  And we should. This is an internal struggle – and we are part of the family.

Last Rosh Hashanah I gave a sermon on how we need to love Israel as one would love a family member, indeed as we have always loved America, despite this country’s shortcomings.  I talked about the song, “En Li Eretz Acheret,” “I Have No Other Country,” which was once again this year voted one of the top songs of Israel’s 75-years, and it’s become a theme song of these protests.  It’s an all-purpose song for rough times and by singing it people are proclaiming that they are not giving up.

We cannot give up either.  I’ve stood here countless times talking so lovingly about Israel, and I love it not one iota less than I did when I arrived. But when elements within the government of Israel are on the cusp of doing something so duplicitous, so dangerous, so hateful, so power hungry and so anti-democratic, we have to stop making excuses for it.  And we have to insist that our American Jewish organizations stand up for democracy at the hour of greatest need.  As Daniel Gordis, who has usually defended Netanyahu, said recently, one day, grandchildren will ask their grandparents what they did right now to save Israel’s democracy.  We have to speak out. 

Teach us to count our days, by teaching us how to stand up and be counted, to be courageous and never be afraid. 

We have to love Israel – as well as the US – enough to want them to be better.

And we want them to be united.  To be One.  Teach us, O God, to learn how to count to One.

Who knows one? American Jewry has never truly been united, regarding Israel, or much of anything else. But sometimes we need to divide in order to unite.

We must cultivate our own brand of Judaism.  Not the Netanyahu brand, to be sure.  But not the Zelensky brand either, which out of necessity has lost much of its Jewish content, though we’ve begun to see a renaissance of Jewish life in Eastern Europe.

We need to be bold in cultivating our own brand of Judaism here in America – here at Beth El – a Judaism steeped in values of menschlichkeit, enriched by our history, inspired by the resilience of prior generations, humbled and steeled by the Holocaust, seasoned by American pluralism and religious diversity, challenged by intellectual honesty, and the clarion call for social justice.  Very serious but also a whole lot of fun. And proud, proud, proud. That’s TBE Judaism as we have envisioned it over the decades.  That’s the vision I’ve tried to propagate.  And that’s the model that we still need to present to the world.

Gone are the days when Israelis smugly would say, as the Novelist AB Yehoshua once did, that American Jews only “play with Jewishness,” while Israelis live it every day.  Yes, they do live it every day, and they aren’t doing a very good job of it.  But we are no longer on the sidelines of the struggle to build a Jewish future.  We’ve begun playing some home games in our own sandbox.  And we’ve gotten pretty good at it.

By separating ourselves from a distorted, bizarro version of Judaism, we can help forge a Judaism that can help secular and traditional Israelis to see that Huwara is not the only option.

Israelis and American Jews need to understand that, by some miracle, the Jewish people returned to their homeland after 2,000 years and at the exact same time created the most successful diaspora community ever.  And now we can help strengthen their vision by unabashedly proclaiming the vibrancy of ours.

And that’s how division will help heal the breach.  By being two proud communities, we can forge one Jewish people.

One plus one equals one.

Despite all that has torn us apart, I remain optimistic. Here are some examples of why.

On a What’s App group, someone asks to borrow an Israeli flag for a pro-reform rally in Jerusalem to be held on a Thursday night.  Someone replies, “Sure, no problem,” but he needs it back for the anti-reform rally to be held right after Shabbat.  “Of course,” replies the guy and says thank you.



Only in Israel!  Because beneath all the acrimony, we are family.  And beneath all the seething anger, we are part of the same mishpacha

One of the brilliant moves of the pro-democracy camp has been how it reclaimed the Israeli flag from the right wing. For years, the message to people on the center-left was that they were not true patriots. But as one protest organizer says, “Our flag is blue and white, and we’re not going to let anyone take it from us.”

Now everyone is patriotic.  Everyone waves the flag; though for Palestinian Israelis it’s a bit more complicated. But unity is more conceivable when you are embracing the same symbols.  Visually, you can’t always tell which side is marching.

And there was this other incident this summer that was widely publicized.

It was a brief but touching moment, captured in a video clip taken at Jerusalem’s Yitzhak Navon Train Station.

The clip showed protesters crowded on the long escalators at the station. Those who had been at the massive anti-reform demonstration in Jerusalem were descending to the platforms leading away from the capital, and those coming back from the large pro-reform rally in Tel Aviv were ascending on their way back.

There were more kippot among the government supporters and more T-shirts worn by the overhaul’s opponents. But the two groups resembled each other in many ways, including their passion and concern for the country – and everyone was carrying the Israeli flag.

Suddenly, as the two sides headed in different directions, people began reaching out across the divider and shaking the hands of those passing on the opposite escalator. How cool is that?

There is – in the end – hope that we can count to one – that there is much more that unites the Jewish people than divides us.

I’ve been focusing on Psalm 90 this week, but I’d like to take a quick look this evening at Psalm 133, which might have a familiar ring to it.

 שִׁ֥יר הַֽמַּעֲל֗וֹת לְדָ֫וִ֥ד הִנֵּ֣ה מַה־טּ֭וֹב וּמַה־נָּעִ֑ים שֶׁ֖בֶת אַחִ֣ים גַּם־יָֽחַד׃


How good and how pleasant it is
that kinfolk dwell together
.   

The rest of this short psalm is filled with vivid imagery. It speaks of oil flowing on the beard of Aaron the high priest, and the dew from Mount Hermon falling on the mountains of Zion, a place where God ordains blessing and everlasting life. 

Let's take a closer look:

First of all, what is the proper melody for the first line, Hinay mah tov? Some of you may know (slow melody). And there’s also…  In fact, there are dozens and dozens of melodies for the same verse.  I’ve collected over thirty YouTube clips into one posting  -  you can access the videos here. They span the spectrum of Jewish cultural expression through the ages and across the world, from Hasidic, to modern Israeli to Reform, to Renewal, to Sephardic and Mizrachi, to Leonard Bernstein’s classical Chichester Psalms, even Harry Belafonte, who passed away this year. What I couldn’t find online was my old USY call-and-response – great for long bus rides.

But here’s the point – the words are the same. Exactly the same.  Our spirits are stirred by precisely the same three-thousand-year-old words, just with different melodies. 

And the sentiments are the same.  Jews really do idealize unity.  We want to get along. I agree with very little that far right Israelis say, and they want to delegitimatize me as a Conservative rabbi – but I know that the Ultra-Orthodox are especially terrified of Israel being split into two countries, as is now being discussed – quasi seriously by some.  It would not go well for their half, the half with no army, no economy and no allies.  But God will provide…

Down deep, the people want unity, that’s half the battle. 

But unity with whom?  Achim, says the Psalm.  Shevet Achim.

In modern Hebrew the expression Achi is like the English “Bro,” - a comrade in arms, someone who fought alongside you in a war.  More than a friend; achi is someone you would lay down your life for, because in the IDF it's quite possible that someone next to you in the foxhole already has done that for you.

The word shevet means to dwell, but it evokes also the word for tribe. When Israel turned 71 a few years ago, a very popular song went viral, inspired by Psalm 133.  It’s called “Shevet Achim V’Ahchayot,” “a tribe of brothers and sisters.” The song was written by Idan Raichel, who is Israel’s poster boy for diversity. And it’s sung by 35 of Israel’s best-known musicians.

A country that adores Idan Raichel - and Israelis do - is not a country headed for civil war.



I read a really nice Buddhist perspective on this psalm –The unity spoken of here transcends emotion, suggesting a belief that everybody counts, everybody matters, without your necessarily having to like them. We don’t always like our siblings, even as we love them. 

As this commentary states, “The cultivation of lovingkindness leads to a bone-deep realization that our lives have something to do with one another, that the constructs of us and them, are just that: constructs. The deeper reality is ‘we.’”

Psalm 133 goes on to flesh out that notion of unity and love with distinct images.  One is of Aaron, the high priest, being anointed with olive oil – the olive branch being a symbol of peace. It’s a reminder that Aaron himself is a symbol of peace in our tradition.  He tried to find common ground at the Golden Calf and he was the middle man in Moses’ diplomacy with Pharaoh. Pirke Avot states, “Be like Aaron, who loves peace and pursues peace – rodef shalom.”  It’s not enough to love peace in the abstract.  You have to actively make peace, one person at a time.

According to a midrash (Kalah Rabati 3:2), when Aaron heard that two people were fighting with each other, he would go to one… and then to the other…. Shuttle diplomacy, long before Kissinger.  When the two combatants would meet on the road, one would say to the other, "Forgive me for the offense which I did to you" and the other would say the same.  Who knows what Aaron told them that could flip things so dramatically.  Aaron is a role model for reconciliation.

The psalm also speaks of dew running from Mount Hermon to Mount Zion. This is one of the Psalms of Ascent, shir ha-ma’alot – sung by pilgrims heading to Jerusalem, to Zion.  Mt. Hermon is at the northernmost point of the country, on the border with Syria and Lebanon, 250 miles away, about as far from Jerusalem as you can get and still be in the country.  And so, in ancient times, as pilgrims made their way toward Jerusalem, they would start up near Tel Dan way in the northern Galilee and pick up more people along the route.  This was a long trek. So, plenty of time for a very diverse group to iron out their differences.  A brilliant way to bring people together.


And in ancient Israel, north and south were bitter foes, like the north and south in the US. 

But here, together they would sing this song of love and sweetness, of dwelling in common quest, wending their way from the top of the country to the bottom, from one end of the land to the other, from Boston to Charleston, as it were. All the while, singing Hinay mah tov

I remember singing Hinay Mah Tov in late 1987, when I had just arrived here and I participated, along with a dozen bus loads that left from the JCC, in the great March on Washington for Soviet Jewry.  It changed history and we were there - together - on pilgrimage to the capital.



The song, and the walk, in ancient Israel and modern America, brought opposing camps together, to become one tribe.

And then, they would arrive at Zion.

Rabbi Marc Gellman asks us to imagine being “on one of these holiday pilgrimages, thousands of pilgrims camped on the hillsides around the great Temple in Jerusalem. Thousands of campfires, and the sound of singing and dancing. All vengefulness forgotten. All tribal conflicts forgiven. Each family a part of a larger fire and a larger holiness. Such a gathering, such a vision is described by the psalmist as being both “good” (tov) and pleasing to the senses (naim). It is good because the highest being deserves the highest praise, and it is pleasing because just for a brief shining moment we are all one. We are not divided. We are not at war. We see in our neighbor the source of our fulfillments, not the source of our limitations. Such a dwelling together for God is both a memory and a dream.”

The ancient pilgrimage festivals were like a week of free therapy.  A chance to come together and celebrate what unites us rather than what divides us.  These days there are few events that can do that.  Happenings like Burning Man or a Taylor Swift concert. In Israel, music a is real unifier. Israelis love a good singalong.  And Hinay Mah Tov has served that purpose for three thousand years.

There’s one more question that jumps out about this Psalm.  It has to do with the first word. Why doesn’t it just say “Mah tov?” “How good!”  You don’t need the Hinay.  It’s already good.  It’s good for people to be together.  But why “Hinay?” Behold!  Lookie here!

Is God saying it?  

OMG!  Hinay - My kids!  They are actually getting along! I love it when that happens!

Or maybe the psalmist is echoing what Abraham said when God called him to ascend to that same city.  Henayni! I’m here! Abraham replied. Count me in!  I am here for this pilgrimage.  I’m not just a detached observer from the outside.  I’m a participant.  I’m here on Kaplan Street in Tel Aviv.  I’m here before the Supreme Court and the Knesset.  And I’m here at Temple Beth El on Kol Nidre night. 

We are all in! 

And, to quote the Leonard Cohen song, Who By Fire, inspired by the liturgy of the High Holidays: Who shall I say is calling? 

A thousand generations are calling.  We have a homeland.  We have a vibrant people.  We have two vibrant homes.  And these homes have been entrusted to… us!

We have diverse ways of being Jewish, and of singing this song.  The melodies are dramatically different.  But the words are exactly the same.  

Behold, isn’t it wonderful and pleasant for us to dwell here together, as one.  Even if the Jewish people are not really one, we can still imagine it.  Sometimes a hopeful vision is all we’ve got.

And sometimes, a hopeful dream is all we need.

Thirty years ago, the tribes of Israel and the tribes of Ishmael met on the White House lawn on a beautiful mid-September afternoon.  As Eric Alterman put it in his book, We are Not One, many “Jewish tears were shed, including my own, on the White House lawn that day, when, during Rabin's speech, The usually blunt, unsentimental, ex general, cried out to the Palestinian people.

We say to you today in a loud and clear voice: Enough of blood and tears. Enough. We have no desire for revenge. We harbor no hatred towards you. We, like you, are people who want to build a home, to plant a tree, to love, to live side by side with you in dignity, in empathy as human beings.

A far cry from Betzalel Smotrich and the incitement of Huwara Judaism.

And where have I heard those words before?  Live side by side…. Shevet achim gam yachad. We’ll dwell as brothers and sisters – we’ll live alongside you – but not just as estranged neighbors, not in a cold peace, not to burn down your villages and chase you away – but in empathy, in dignity, as human beings. And you will treat us the same way.  GAM yachad. Also in unity.  Also, GAM, also, you and also me. 

We’ll live as neighbors, as family, in unity, as One.

It takes two to become one.

One plus one equals One.

Those words of Rabin’s may have been naïve, and they may have been illusory, not because they could not have borne fruit in a better world, but because bad actors were determined to make sure they wouldn’t.  Many people would die after Oslo, on Egged buses, at the Dolphinarium disco, at Cafe Moment and Cafe Hillel and Hebrew U’s cafeteria and Sparro pizza and in Jenin, Ramallah and Palestinian refugee camps. And Rabin himself, like Sadat before him, became a martyr to hope, with a bloodstained song of peace in his pocket.  And every time someone makes a bold move for peace and unity, someone else tries to blow up those dreams. 

But we can never stop dreaming.  For these dreams reflect the real Israel that I grew up believing in, the real Israel of the protesters today, the real Israel that can yet come in to being – the real Israeli government that existed just a year ago and can again – a true unity government. It reflects the real Judaism that American Jews and Israelis can share.  And it reflects the real America too.

As divided as Israelis seem to be, and Americans too, the people are not as divided as the politicians. In both countries, the vast majority cherishes democratic values. We can build unity from that foundation.

“We can either fall into a very dark, extreme, racist place where the Israel that we know, in all its social and economic aspects, will be destroyed,” says Shikma Bressler, one of the leaders of the movement, the physicist who is not a politician. “Or we can build a new, stronger, better democracy for the good of all the people.”

As Elie Wiesel said in a speech delivered a couple of months after the 1973 war and a half century before the current Russian war on Ukraine:

Never before have Jews been so organically linked to one another.  Shout here and you will be heard in Kiev. Shout in Kiev and you will be heard in Paris. When Jews are sad in Jerusalem, we are moved to tears everywhere. Thus, a Jew lives in more than one place, in more than one era, on more than one level.

Wiesel’s vision may never have been realized, except perhaps for those days and weeks in 1973, when Jews everywhere came together – including in this newly-opened, carpet-less sanctuary, and spontaneously emptied their hearts and their pockets.  It happened then, and it may be happening right now, this year, in the streets of Israel.  A true unity might yet be forged.  We cannot give up that hope.  Nor can we afford to be late to the game.  Hinay Mah Tov – how wonderful they are – our Israeli achim, who have taken to the streets in song and dance, and even are capable of reaching out to those who oppose them, who for now are still on the other side of the escalator.  And they are waiting for us to join them.

Who knows One?  We know One. Teach us, O Adonai, to count to One.

Psalm 133: Ben Shahn - Whitney Museum of Art